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Hackers & Painters: Big Ideas from the Computer Age

4.5 out of 5 stars (763)

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"The computer world is like an intellectual Wild West, in which you can shoot anyone you wish with your ideas, if you're willing to risk the consequences. " --from Hackers & Painters: Big Ideas from the Computer Age, by Paul Graham

We are living in the computer age, in a world increasingly designed and engineered by computer programmers and software designers, by people who call themselves hackers. Who are these people, what motivates them, and why should you care?

Consider these facts: Everything around us is turning into computers. Your typewriter is gone, replaced by a computer. Your phone has turned into a computer. So has your camera. Soon your TV will. Your car was not only designed on computers, but has more processing power in it than a room-sized mainframe did in 1970. Letters, encyclopedias, newspapers, and even your local store are being replaced by the Internet.

Hackers & Painters: Big Ideas from the Computer Age, by Paul Graham, explains this world and the motivations of the people who occupy it. In clear, thoughtful prose that draws on illuminating historical examples, Graham takes readers on an unflinching exploration into what he calls "an intellectual Wild West."

The ideas discussed in this book will have a powerful and lasting impact on how we think, how we work, how we develop technology, and how we live. Topics include the importance of beauty in software design, how to make wealth, heresy and free speech, the programming language renaissance, the open-source movement, digital design, internet startups, and more.

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4.5 out of 5 stars 7
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From O'Reilly Media A Fun Guide to the Fundamentals of Cybersecurity and Hacking Heroes of the Computer Revolution Big Ideas from the Computer Age

Editorial Reviews

About the Author

Paul Graham , designer of the new Arc language, was the creator of Yahoo Store, the first web-based application. His technique for spam filtering inspired most current filters. He has a PhD in Computer Science from Harvard and studied painting at RISD and the Accademia in Florence.

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ O'Reilly Media
  • Publication date ‏ : ‎ July 6, 2010
  • Edition ‏ : ‎ 1st
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Print length ‏ : ‎ 272 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 1449389554
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-1449389550
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 2.31 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 5.5 x 0.7 x 8.5 inches
  • Best Sellers Rank: #133,910 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.5 out of 5 stars (763)

About the author

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Paul Graham
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Paul Graham (born 13 November 1964) is an English computer scientist, venture capitalist, and essayist. He is known for his work on Lisp, for co-founding Viaweb (which eventually became Yahoo! Store), and for co-founding the Y Combinator seed capital firm. He is the author of some programming books, such as: On Lisp (1993), ANSI Common Lisp (1995), and Hackers & Painters (2004).

Bio from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Photo by Crédit photo: Sarah Harlin [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons.

Customer reviews

4.5 out of 5 stars
763 global ratings

Customers say

Customers find the book to be an astonishingly good collection of essays, with good writing and entertaining content. They appreciate the author's perspective on programming trends and find it easy to read, with one customer noting how it changed their career thinking. The book receives positive feedback for its ideas, with one review highlighting its ability to express complex concepts concisely. While many customers finish the book quickly, opinions about its completion are mixed.
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48 customers mention content, 41 positive, 7 negative
Customers find the book's content engaging and insightful, describing it as an astonishingly good collection of essays that is to the point.
Interesting read, but a bit of a let down. Given its reputation and the high expectations that follow, I expected much more....Read more
Good read. A small book. Learned a few new perspectives of thinking about business.Read more
It's a great book, worth reading many times....Read more
...a must read.Read more
15 customers mention writing style, 14 positive, 1 negative
Customers appreciate the writing style of the book, with one customer noting that the author writes essays rather than describing or selling ideas.
Paul Graham's writing style is simple, to the point, and meaningful....Read more
...He writes so well, and knows so much, that it's easy for him to convince you that programming is the way to go (if your meant to be of course)....Read more
...But what do I know? It's all fascinating. And well-written, too, if you can forgive Graham's habit of beginning sentences with "and."...Read more
...You can see in Graham's writing style his passion for simple, succinct prose as well as code. It was a very pleasurable read.Read more
7 customers mention thoughtful, 7 positive, 0 negative
Customers appreciate the thoughtful approach of the book, particularly Paul Graham's insights, with one customer noting how it changed their career perspective.
Paul Graham is a great thinker, this book is filled with fascinating insights....Read more
...it three times now and I still love Paul Graham's ability to say many of the things I think better than I ever could.Read more
...the ideas in this book enlightened me very much, and even changed my thinking of my career.Read more
excellent book. shaped a lot of really deep thinking and an appreciation for technologyRead more
5 customers mention entertaining, 5 positive, 0 negative
Customers find the book entertaining and funny.
...The articles are well written and funny, though I frequently did not agree with the content....Read more
...technology, arts, and people in a seamless, readable, and often hilarious way. My only regret is not reading this sooner in my career.Read more
...If you are into technology I think you will certainly find this material fun and easy to read whether you spring for the book or read the web version.Read more
Thoughtful and IrreverentRead more
5 customers mention ideas, 5 positive, 0 negative
Customers appreciate the ideas in the book, with one mentioning they are presented in a few words.
A few great ideas bundled up with a lot of self-indulgence.Read more
...The book has a very bad format and flow. A couple of good ideas here and there (that is why I give it an extra star); but you have to read through...Read more
...As a programmer myself, the ideas in this book enlightened me very much, and even changed my thinking of my career.Read more
...Paul Graham writes concisely and to the point. Big ideas in a few words. Easy reading.Read more
5 customers mention readability, 5 positive, 0 negative
Customers find the book easy to read.
...Big ideas in a few words. Easy reading.Read more
...All in all, I've enjoyed reading "Hackers & Painters". Its an easy read with interesting strong opinions from Paul....Read more
Really easy to read and to understand the concept of software development. I love how Paul organically connect painting with programming....Read more
...connects concepts across technology, arts, and people in a seamless, readable, and often hilarious way....Read more
6 customers mention completion, 2 positive, 4 negative
Customers have mixed experiences with completing the book, with some finishing it in just a few days, while others report being unable to get past the beginning.
...But as the book progresses it disappoints as it demonstrates the same highly opinionated (if not biased) opinions it criticises....Read more
...I finished it in about 2 days. Paul is a awesome writer and I'm going to buy some more books of his! I'm going to read this book again....Read more
...a collection of essays and while some are interesting, it does not save the entire book....Read more
Cannot finish itRead more

Top reviews from the United States

  • 5 out of 5 stars
    An astonishingly good book of essays
    Reviewed in the United States on July 5, 2004
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    This is an astonishingly good collection of essays. In lesser hands, any of the 15 essays here could have been a book by itself --- each packs more content than you can find in a typical one idea business book, or a typical one technology book for geeks. Yet his book is not dense or difficult: Graham's graceful style is a pleasure to read.

    But what is it? Is it a business book, or a technical book? A bit of both actually, with a pinch of social criticism thrown in. There are essays on business --- particularly startups --- and essays on programming languages and how to combat spam, and one delightful one on the difficulty being a nerd in American public schools.

    My favorite essay of the 15 --- and picking a favorite is itself a challenge --- is called "What you can't say". It is about heresy, not historical Middle Ages burned-at-the-stake heresy, but heresy today in 2004. And if you believe nothing is heretical today, that no idea today is so beyond the pale that it would provoke a purely emotional reaction to its very utterance, then read some of the other reviews. Graham's idea is not that all heresies are worth challenging publicly, or even that all heresies are wrong, but merely that there is value is being aware of what is heretical, so one can notice where the blind spots are.

    Astonishingly good.

    71 people found this helpful
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  • 4 out of 5 stars
    A fun read
    Reviewed in the United States on January 2, 2009
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    Paul Graham's "Hackers and Painters" is a collection of separate articles from Paul. The articles are well written and funny, though I frequently did not agree with the content. Since one of the earlier articles was on censorship, I'd say... that was probably the intention :)

    The first article is triggered by Pauls growing up and asks why nerds are unpopular when you are younger. He explores memories of his childhood and tries to clarify them. He continues with a article after which the book is named. He explains that he has *some* education in painting and explores the similarity between hacking and painting.

    The next couple chapters are an attack to taboos in general. What can we say? Why can we say that? And he claims that hackers are more comfortable breaking taboos, breaking the rules.

    In the article "The road ahead" he is making predictions related to web-based server software, of which some are insightful (or were insightful). He claims that server-based software will be the future and the recent years have certainly shown that to be true.

    The next couple of articles relate to capitalism and I did disagree with a lot of the statements he made in here. Though, often his points are carefully crafts.. here I found them simplistic. It annoyed me and even thought about stop reading it. The well-written-ness made me continue though.

    The middle of the book contains an article about spam. This one doesn't fit well in the book and could have better left out, in my opinion.

    The last articles in the book relate to programming languages and were fun to read. Paul is a serious Lisp fan and tries to argue about programming languages in such a way that it always supports his chose of lisp. He does make a couple of good points.

    All in all, I've enjoyed reading "Hackers & Painters". Its an easy read with interesting strong opinions from Paul. I'd rate it between 3 and 4 stars, mainly because the amount of learning is not high. Though, I remember some articles got me laughing out loud, so decided to go for a 4. Worth reading if you like strong opinions relate to hacker cultures.

    12 people found this helpful
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  • 5 out of 5 stars
    Various Essays from a Hacker's Point of View
    Reviewed in the United States on January 3, 2011
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    Disclaimer: I'm a big fan of Paul Graham's writing and works. I've been reading his blog for ages, and am a somewhat obsessive reader of his website Hacker News.

    I recently decided to purchase and read Graham's book, "Hackers & Painters", to casually read through some of his favorite essays. This book is comprised of 15 of Graham's essays pulled from his blog, which he updates several times a year. The topics of his essays are diverse, but all represent a hacker's point of view.

    What makes this book worth reading is that you get inside of Paul Graham's mind. He has an amazingly clear writing style (one that I am extremely fond of), and is able to walk you through his thoughts and arguments in a clear manner.

    If you're at all interested in entrepreneurship, technology, or programming, I would give this book a read. It can be read casually in a day or so, and will make you think deeply about the topics discussed for weeks afterwards.

    7 people found this helpful
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  • 5 out of 5 stars
    new ideas + good writing = great book
    Reviewed in the United States on January 13, 2014
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    H & P has one of the highest insights-per-page densities of any book I've read. Graham writes essays not to describe or sell ideas but to discover them. Writing is his vehicle for coming up with new ways of looking at things, and we get to go along for the ride.

    Graham has a knack for distilling the essence of things: high schools as holding pens, hacking as a craft, money as a way to move wealth, programming languages as chairs, etc. Two questions seem to drive Graham's writing process: What is the broadest thing that can be said about X without being false? And how can I say it in the simplest manner possible? It's this joint process of abstraction (of content) and simplification (of form) that results in really good essays.

    If you are curious about the world and like surprising ideas, then you should probably read this book.

    P.S. if you enjoy the essays, definitely check out the endnotes. To simplify his essays, Graham buries a lot of insights at the end.

    6 people found this helpful
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  • 5 out of 5 stars
    Graham's good fortune is my good fortune...
    Reviewed in the United States on December 10, 2004
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    While it's possible that Mr. Graham didn't start a business and sell it for (I imagine) a mint to Yahoo! just so he would have time to edify me with his writings, it has worked out that way. I bought this book as much because I owe him for all the information I've picked up off his website (and the two Lisp books I bought used, including a PRISTINE copy of On Lisp that somebody sold at half.com for $25.00) as because I thought I would find the subject matter of particular interest. But what do I know? It's all fascinating. And well-written, too, if you can forgive Graham's habit of beginning sentences with "and."

    Blaise Pascal once wrote, "I have made this letter longer than usual because I lack the time to make it shorter." Mr. Graham has taken to time to make this book shorter. I highly recommend to to geeks, nerds, and even unscarred smart people everywhere.

    2 people found this helpful
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  • 3 out of 5 stars
    Hackers and painters is a book which reads like a collection of random essays
    Reviewed in the United States on January 4, 2016
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    Hackers and painters is a book written by Paul Graham who ran a startup in the 1990’s which was later sold to Yahoo. He is now running Y Combinator.

    Hackers and painters is a book which reads like a collection of random essays. The first few chapters is about the start of computing and about childhood while later chapters are about both starting a startup and socioeconomic policies. The last chapters are about programming languages where he strongly argues for lisp.

    Anyone so have read one of his essays know how well articulate Graham can be and the this book is no exception. The chapters themselves are really well written even though he sometimes argues unconvincingly.

    In the end I did not feel that this book was anything else than a collection of essays and while some are interesting, it does not save the entire book. A stronger focus and some narrative between the chapters would improve this book immensely.

    24 people found this helpful
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  • 4 out of 5 stars
    entertaining
    Reviewed in the United States on January 26, 2025
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    I’m an old guy excuse the expression who started with Fortran and APL, hacked a bit in lisp and thinks that JavaScript is underrated but still way too much work and arguably not much better than COBOL

    So I’m in total agreement that the less you have to write the better off you are

    One person found this helpful
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  • 5 out of 5 stars
    PG for the win
    Reviewed in the United States on February 17, 2013
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    I'm a devbootcamp alum, and while I was there, surrounded by dozens of super smart people, the majority of them, me included, were strongly agreeing on one point:

    No matter if they were already successful or not in a career before, in a past life, or just trying to figure out what to do in their life, Paul Graham was the one that made us make the decision about going into programming. He writes so well, and knows so much, that it's easy for him to convince you that programming is the way to go (if your meant to be of course).

    And I'm sure that this books can be related to any other career you're looking into.

    a must read.

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  • 5 out of 5 stars
    Gut
    Reviewed in Germany on August 5, 2025
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    Ein klassiker

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  • 5 out of 5 stars
    thought provoking
    Reviewed in Canada on March 12, 2015
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    Provides an interesting point of view on the world of computer programming and the requirements for success in general. The writer encourages you to rethink convention on many fronts and uses his own success as evidence to why it must be done.

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  • 5 out of 5 stars
    One of a kind.
    Reviewed in Spain on July 2, 2015
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    A little book that has a soul.

    You can get really interesting philosophical smell from this writing.

    The autor really loves what he does and gives you real high level knowledge from his vast and deep experience in computing.

    Really good for picking chapters in a random manner.

    I loved reading it.

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  • 4 out of 5 stars
    Ideal para programadores e artistas buscando novos pontos de vista
    Reviewed in Brazil on September 8, 2020
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    Qual a semelhança entre programadores e pintores? Ambos são criadores. Eles criam coisas a partir de uma visão. Uma mistura de filosofia, tecnologia, visão de mundo e reflexões aleatórias que formam uma obra que tem alma. Alguns capítulos são diretamente para programadores, e nesses eu não tive muito interesse. Mas o outros, amigo... que porrada. Paul Graham sintetiza com clareza assuntos complexos e polêmicos. Conformismo e seus perigos, criação de riqueza, criação de produtos... tudo de um ponto de vista ao mesmo tempo filosófico e prático. Várias vezes terminei de ler um trecho e me vi assim: 🤯 Não fosse pelos capítulos muito técnicos que são 30% do livro, seria possivelmente um dos melhores do ano.

    Se você é programador, LEIA, provavelmente vai ser seu livro favorito.

    Ideal para programadores e artistas buscando novos pontos de vista
    4 out of 5 stars
    Ideal para programadores e artistas buscando novos pontos de vista
    Reviewed in Brazil on September 8, 2020

    Qual a semelhança entre programadores e pintores? Ambos são criadores. Eles criam coisas a partir de uma visão. Uma mistura de filosofia, tecnologia, visão de mundo e reflexões aleatórias que formam uma obra que tem alma. Alguns capítulos são diretamente para programadores, e nesses eu não tive muito interesse. Mas o outros, amigo... que porrada. Paul Graham sintetiza com clareza assuntos complexos e polêmicos. Conformismo e seus perigos, criação de riqueza, criação de produtos... tudo de um ponto de vista ao mesmo tempo filosófico e prático. Várias vezes terminei de ler um trecho e me vi assim: 🤯 Não fosse pelos capítulos muito técnicos que são 30% do livro, seria possivelmente um dos melhores do ano.

    Se você é programador, LEIA, provavelmente vai ser seu livro favorito.

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  • 5 out of 5 stars
    15章それぞれが本1冊分の読み応えがある
    Reviewed in Japan on September 15, 2004
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    Viaweb社を立ち上げた時の経験やルネサンス期イタリアの歴史を交えながら、ハッカーとはどういう人間か、プログラミング言語の進化、ベンチャー事業を成功させる方法を論じている。

    話は大変具体的でわかり易いにもかかわらず、著者の洞察力には圧倒される。

    これを読むまでは、LISPなんてただへんてこりんな言語だと思っていたが、見方が変わった。

    特に、“dynamic typing”対“static typing”についてはハッカーを科学者ではなく画家と対比して見せたことによって、少なくともアプリケーション寄りのプログラミング言語は、dynamic typingであるべきだということが良く分かった。

    しかしながら、LISP言語のもうひとつの強力な機能であるmacroについては、この本を読んだだけではわからなかった。それでもLISPはプログラミング言語進化の本流に違いない。

    各章が独立したエッセイなので読みやすい。

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